The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a small evergreen tree in the family Rutaceae, cultivated globally for its yellow, tart-tasting fruit. A true lemon is a hybrid of the citron and bitter orange. Though its origins are uncertain, there is evidence that lemons originated in Northeast India. India is currently the leading producer of lemons, accounting for 18% of global production in 2022.

Nutritional value

Lemons are primarily composed of water (88-89%) and carbohydrates (10%). They contain minimal amounts of fat and protein.

Carbohydrates: Roughly 9.32 grams per 100g serving, primarily as simple sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) and dietary fiber.

Fiber: Around 2.8 grams per 100g, mostly soluble fiber like pectin. Pectin can help lower blood sugar levels by slowing the digestion of sugar and starch.

Vitamins: An excellent source of Vitamin C, providing around 59% of the Daily Value in a 100g serving. They also contain small amounts of Vitamin A (as carotene) and various B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, and B9 or Folate).

Minerals: A good source of Potassium (around 138mg per 100g), and smaller amounts of Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, and Phosphorus.

Antioxidants and Phytonutrients: Rich in flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and essential oils. These compounds possess antioxidant properties and may contribute to various health benefits.

Health benefits

Heart Health: Vitamin C, fiber, and compounds like diosmin and hesperidin in lemons may help lower the risk of heart disease and stroke by potentially reducing cholesterol and blood pressure, and improving circulation.

Immunity: High Vitamin C content boosts the immune system, potentially helping to prevent colds and flu.

Digestion: Soluble fiber (pectin) and citric acid in lemons aid in digestion, promote regularity, and may help relieve indigestion symptoms like bloating and heartburn.

Weight Management: Low calorie and high fiber content can promote feelings of fullness, potentially assisting in weight loss efforts.

Kidney Stone Prevention: Citric acid increases urinary citrate levels, which may help prevent the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Anemia Prevention: Vitamin C enhances the absorption of non-heme iron (iron from plant-based foods), reducing the risk of iron deficiency anemia.

Skin Health: Vitamin C is essential for collagen production, promoting healthy skin and potentially reducing signs of aging